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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Качественная клиническая практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2588-0519</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2588-0519-GCP-0008</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">IZNEWI</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinvest-825</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВНУТРЕННИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Детерминирование фенотипов ремоделирования  левого желудочка на основании кластерного  анализа и роль приверженности фармакотерапии  сердечной недостаточности у пациентов через год  после перенесённого острого инфаркта миокарда  и реваскуляризации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determinants of left ventricular remodelling phenotypes based on cluster analysis and the role of adherence to guideline-directed heart failure pharmacotherapy one year after acute myocardial infarction and revascularization</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-419X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фитилёв</surname><given-names>С. Б. </given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fitilev</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фитилёв  Сергей  Борисович — д. м. н., профессор, Медицинский институт, кафедра общей и клинической фармакологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey B. Fitilev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Institute</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-3115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкребнёва</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkrebniova</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шкребнёва Ирина Ивановна — к. м. н., доцент, Медицинский институт, кафедра общейи клинической фармакологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Shkrebniova — PhD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Institute</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2400-3938</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клюев</surname><given-names>Д. А. </given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kliuev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клюев  Дмитрий  Алексеевич — к. фарм. н., ассистент, Медицинский институт, кафедра общей и клинической фармакологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Kliuev — PhD, Cand. Sci. (Pharm.), assistant professor, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Institute</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kliuev_da@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6428-1368</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнов  Михаил  Игоревич — аспирант, Медицинский институт, кафедра общей и клинической фармакологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Smirnov — postgraduate student, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Institute</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» ; ГБУЗ «Городская поликлиника № 2 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba ; City Polyclinic No 2 of Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фитилёв С.Б., Шкребнёва И.И., Клюев Д.А., Смирнов М.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фитилёв С.Б., Шкребнёва И.И., Клюев Д.А., Смирнов М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fitilev S.B., Shkrebniova I.I., Kliuev D.A., Smirnov M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/825">https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/825</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ремоделирование левого желудочка (ЛЖ) после острого инфаркта миокарда (ОИМ) — ключевой процесс, определяющий риск прогрессирования сердечной недостаточности (СН) и неблагоприятных исходов у пациентов после реваскуляризации. Гетерогенность траекторий ремоделирования и ограниченность традиционных подходов к стратификации риска требуют внедрения современных методов фенотипирования и оценки приверженности терапии СН.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить степень детерминирования исходных фенотипов ремоделирования ЛЖ на благоприятное развитие структурных и функциональных изменений эхокардиографических параметров через 12 месяцев после ОИМ и оценить роль приверженности фармакотерапии СН в этом процессе.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное когортное исследование включены 105 пациентов после ОИМ с реваскуляризацией, наблюдавшихся в течение 12 месяцев. Кластерный анализ по пяти эхокардиографическим параметрам (фракция выброса (ФВ) ЛЖ, конечный диастолический объём (КДО), конечный систолический объём (КСО), индекс массы миокарда левого желудочка (ИММЛЖ), размер левого предсердия (ЛП)), позволил выделить фенотипы ремоделирования ЛЖ в точках 0 и 12 месяцев. Приверженность терапии оценивалась по показателю доли обеспеченных дней (PDC ≥80%) для всех назначенных классов препаратов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В обеих временных точках (0 и 12 месяцев) выявлены три фенотипа ремоделирования ЛЖ: благоприятный (нормальная ФВ, минимальная дилатация (КДО, КСО) и гипертрофия (ИММЛЖ), а также пограничные значения ЛП), промежуточный и неблагоприятный (низкая ФВ, выраженная дилатация и гипертрофия, увеличение левого предсердия). Через 12 месяцев 72% пациентов с исходно благоприятным фенотипом сохранили его, тогда как почти половина пациентов с промежуточным и неблагоприятным фенотипами продемонстрировали переход в более благоприятные группы. Высокая комплексная приверженность терапии СН (PDCcompl ≥80%) статистически значимо чаще встречалась в благоприятных фенотипах через 12 месяцев (p &lt;0,001). Комплексная приверженность терапии оказалась значимым модифицирующим фактором, ассоциированным с обратным ремоделированием ЛЖ вне зависимости от исходного фенотипа.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Кластерный анализ позволил выделить клинически значимые фенотипы ремоделирования ЛЖ и оценить их динамику в течение года после ОИМ. Высокая приверженность фармакотерапии СН существенно повышала вероятность благоприятного ремоделирования и позволяла преодолеть неблагоприятную исходную траекторию. Полученные данные обосновывают необходимость персонализированного мониторинга и поддержки приверженности у пациентов с сердечной недостаточностью после ОИМ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Left ventricular (LV) remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a key process that determines the risk of heart failure (HF) progression and adverse clinical outcomes in patients following revascularization. The heterogeneity of the remodeling trajectories and the limitations of conventional risk stratification approaches necessitate the implementation of advanced methods of phenotyping and assessment of HF treatment adherence.</p><p>The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which baseline left ventricular remodeling phenotypes, derived via cluster analysis, drive favorable changes in structural and functional echocardiographic parameters over 12 months after acute myocardial infarction and to assess the role of adherence to pharmacotherapy in this process.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 105 patients after acute myocardial infarction who underwent revascularization and were followed for 12 months. Cluster analysis based on five echocardiographic parameters — left ventricular ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, left ventricular myocardial mass index, and left atrial size — was used to define the left ventricular remodeling phenotypes at baseline and at 12 months. Medication adherence was assessed using the proportion of days covered, with adherence defined as PDC ≥80% across all prescribed drug classes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. At both time points (baseline and 12 months), three left ventricular remodeling phenotypes were identified: favorable (normal ejection fraction with minimal chamber dilatation — end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes — limited hypertrophy by left ventricular mass index, and borderline left atrial size), intermediate, and unfavorable (reduced ejection fraction with marked dilatation and hypertrophy and enlarged left atrium). At 12 months, 72% of patients with a baseline favorable phenotype retained it, whereas nearly half of those with intermediate or unfavorable phenotypes transitioned toward more favorable categories. High composite adherence to heart failure pharmacotherapy (PDC comp ≥80%) was significantly more prevalent in favorable phenotypes at 12 months (p &lt;0.001). Composite adherence emerged as a significant effect modifier associated with reverse left ventricular remodeling irrespective of the baseline phenotype.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Cluster analysis delineated clinically meaningful left ventricular remodeling phenotypes and enabled the tracking of their trajectories over the first year postmyocardial infarction. High adherence to guideline-directed HF pharmacotherapy substantially increased the likelihood of favorable remodeling and mitigated an initially unfavorable course. These findings support personalized monitoring and adherence support strategies for patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>кластерный анализ</kwd><kwd>приверженность терапии</kwd><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd><kwd>фенотипы</kwd><kwd>обратное ремоделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart failure</kwd><kwd>myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>left ventricular remodeling</kwd><kwd>cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>medication adherence</kwd><kwd>echocardiography</kwd><kwd>phenotypes</kwd><kwd>reverse remodeling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. 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