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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Качественная клиническая практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2588-0519</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2588-0519-2025-3-97-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">LYYFLW</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinvest-807</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы оценки качества фармакотерапии, как инструменты повышения эффективности и безопасности лечебного процесса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methods for assessing the quality of pharmacotherapy as tools for improving the effectiveness and safety of treatment interventions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2964-754X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесник</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnik</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесник Тимофей Иванович  — стажёр-исследователь отдела управления процессами в  сфере здравоохранения и общественного здоровья, врач — клинический фармаколог</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofey I. Kolesnik — Intern researcher of the Department of process management in the field of healthcare and public health, clinical pharmacologist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timofeykolesnik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2564-8754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габбасова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabbasova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Габбасова Ляля Адыгамовна — д. м. н., доцент, зав. отделом управления процессами в  сфере здравоохранения и общественного здоровья, зам. директора Университетской клиники, профессор кафедры многопрофильной клинической подготовки ФФМ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyalya A. Gabbasova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate professor, Head of the Department of process management in the field of healthcare and public health, Deputy director of the University Clinic, Professor of the Department of multidisciplinary clinical training FFM</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lgabbasova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-5281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павликова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlikova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павликова Елена Петровна — д. м. н., доцент, зав. научным отделом внутренних болезней, зам. директора по лечебной работе, главный врач Университетской клиники, профессор кафедры внутренних болезней ФФМ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena  P.  Pavlikova  — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate professor, Head of the Scientific Department of Internal Diseases, Deputy Director for Medical Work-Chief Physician of the University Clinic, Professor of the Department of Internal medicine FFM</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">EPavlikova@mc.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова» обособленное подразделение Медицинский научно-образовательный институт МГУ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MSEI of the Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колесник Т.И., Габбасова Л.А., Павликова Е.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесник Т.И., Габбасова Л.А., Павликова Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesnik T.I., Gabbasova L.A., Pavlikova E.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/807">https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/807</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Повышение эффективности и безопасности лекарственной терапии при оказании медицинской помощи является приоритетной задачей в системах здравоохранения. Нерациональная фармакотерапия, полипрагмазия, неблагоприятные лекарственные взаимодействия, как правило, приводят к нежелательным побочным реакциям (НПР), что влечёт за собой не только снижение эффективности и безопасности лечения, но и увеличение его стоимости. Выбор методов оценки качества лекарственной терапии, назначаемой конкретному пациенту, а также организация контроля качества фармакотерапии в медицинских организациях остаются крайне актуальными.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследовать опыт применения различных методов для оценки качества и  безопасности фармакотерапии в клинической практике отечественной и зарубежных систем здравоохранения.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. На основе выборки публикаций, сформированной по результатам поиска с  использованием ключевых слов, был проведён обзорный анализ применения методов оценки качества и безопасности фармакотерапии в отечественной и зарубежной клинической практике. Был определён перечень наиболее часто используемых методов оценки качества фармакотерапии, включающий: метод GTT, критерии Бирса, шкалу GerontoNet, критерии STOPP/START, модифицированный индекс рациональности (MAI). Также учитывались разработанные с использованием этих методов ограничительные перечни лекарственных препаратов (ЛП), принятые в Швеции, Франции, Германии, Турции и направленные на профилактику ненадлежащего использования препаратов. С целью повышения качества фармакотерапии и предупреждения неблагоприятных лекарственных взаимодействий специалистами достаточно широко используются базы данных лекарственных средств, такие как Drug-drug interactions.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наиболее известные и  распространённые методы оценки качества фармакотерапии показали свою практическую ценность в плане повышения безопасности фармакотерапии, сокращения количества нерационально назначаемых ЛП и их комбинаций. При этом имеется ряд недостатков этих методов: сложность применения в повседневной практике, недостаточный учёт индивидуальных особенностей пациента, трудности в интерпретации результатов. Кроме того, в методах оценки важно учитывать локальные факторы, такие как доступность ЛП, локальные протоколы лечения и  клинические рекомендации. Существующие сложности в  использовании описанных методов оценки качества фармакотерапии важно учитывать при их адаптации к локальным условиям или разработке новых методов, ориентированных на широкое применение не только в научных исследованиях, но и в практической медицине.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В настоящее время в странах, в том числе в отечественном здравоохранении, пока не сформированы комплексные подходы и методология оценки качества и безопасности проводимой фармакотерапии, приемлемые для нормативно-правового регулирования и широкого тиражирования. Ранее приказом Минздрава России от 22 октября 2003 г. №494 «О совершенствовании деятельности врачей — клинических фармакологов» была принята «Карта экспертной оценки качества фармакотерапии», которая позволяет провести экспертизу качества фармакотерапии с заключением на основе экспертного мнения. Современные подходы с позиций доказательной медицины требуют количественной оценки результатов экспертизы фармакотерапии, позволяющей сформировать объективное заключение. В этой связи актуальным является создание экспертного инструмента оценки качества и безопасности проводимой фармакотерапии на основе комплексного использования имеющихся методов оценки фармакотерапии, с возможностью определения её соответствия: клиническим рекомендациям, клинической эффективности лекарственной </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Improving the efficiency and safety of pharmacotherapy in healthcare are priority tasks for healthcare systems. Irrational pharmacotherapy, polypharmacy, and adverse drug interactions typically lead to undesirable side effects, which not only reduces the efficacy and safety of treatment but also increases its cost. The selection of methods for assessing the quality of drug therapy prescribed to an individual patient, as well as the organization of quality control for pharmacotherapy in medical institutions, remain highly relevant.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To study the experience of using various methods for assessing the quality and safety of pharmacotherapy in the clinical practice of domestic and foreign healthcare systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A review analysis of the use of methods for assessing the quality and safety of pharmacotherapy in domestic and international clinical practice was conducted based on a selection of publications identified through a keyword search. A list of the most frequently used methods for assessing the quality of pharmacotherapy was determined, including: the GTT method, Beers criteria, the GerontoNet scale, the STOPP/START criteria, and the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI). Restrictive drug lists adopted in Sweden, France, Germany, and Turkey, which were developed using these methods to prevent the inappropriate use of medications, were also considered. Specialists widely use drug databases, such as Drug-drug interaction databases, to improve the quality of pharmacotherapy and prevent adverse drug interactions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Currently, comprehensive approaches and methodologies for assessing the quality and safety of pharmacotherapy, suitable for regulatory purposes and widespread implementation, have not yet been fully established in many countries, including the domestic healthcare system. Previously, by Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 494 dated October 22, 2003, "On Improving the Activities of Physicians — Clinical Pharmacologists," the "Form of Expert Assessment of the Quality of Pharmacotherapy" was adopted, which allows for an assessment of the quality of pharmacotherapy with a conclusion based on expert opinion. Modern evidence-based medicine approaches require a quantitative assessment of pharmacotherapy review results to enable an objective conclusion. In this regard, it is relevant to create an expert tool for assessing the quality and safety of pharmacotherapy based on the integrated use of existing assessment methods. This tool should be capable of determining compliance with: clinical guidelines, the clinical efficacy of drug therapy, rationality and safety indicators, including an assessment of the risks of adverse reactions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>методы оценки качества фармакотерапии</kwd><kwd>безопасность фармакотерапии</kwd><kwd>нежелательные побочные реакции</kwd><kwd>полипрагмазия</kwd><kwd>межлекарственное взаимодействие</kwd><kwd>клинические рекомендации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methods for assessing the quality of pharmacotherapy</kwd><kwd>safety of pharmacotherapy</kwd><kwd>adverse drug reactions</kwd><kwd>polypharmacy</kwd><kwd>drug-drug interactions</kwd><kwd>clinical guidelines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Марцевич С.Ю., Кутишенко Н.П., Лукина Ю.В., и соавт. 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