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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Качественная клиническая практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2588-0519</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2588-0519-2024-3-55-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ZNASRA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinvest-742</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАКОГЕНЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOGENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм гена цитохрома CYP2C19 и развитие кровотечений у пациентов, получавших клопидогрел в составе двойной антитромботической терапии после острого коронарного синдрома</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cytochrome СYP2C19 gene polymorphisms and bleeding in patients treated with clopidogrel as part of dual antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5801-3742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочетков</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetkov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кочетков Алексей Иванович — к. м. н., доцент кафедры терапии и  полиморбидной патологии имени академика М.  С.  Вовси</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey  I.  Kochetkov  — PhD, Cand. Sci. (Med), Associate Professor of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology named after academician M. S. Vovsi</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-758X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дё</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>De</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дё Валерия Анатольевна — аспирант 2-го года обучения кафедры терапии и полиморбидной патологии имени академика М.  С.  Вовси</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria A. De — 2nd year PhD student of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology named after academician M.S. Vovsi</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батюкина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batyukina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батюкина Светлана Владимировна — к. м. н., ассистент кафедры терапии и полиморбидной патологии имени академика М.  С.  Вовси</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana  V.  Batyukina  — PhD, Cand. Sci. (Med), Assistant Professor of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology named after academician M. S. Vovsi</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-1499</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаев</surname><given-names>Ш. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaev</surname><given-names>Sh. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдуллаев Шерзод Пардабоевич — к. б. н., с. н. с., зав. отделом предиктивных и прогностических биомаркеров научно-исследовательского института молекулярной и персонализированной медицины</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sherzod  P.  Abdullayev — PhD, Cand. Sci. (Biol), Senior Researcher, Head of the Department of Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers at the Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2744-2752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тучкова</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tuchkova</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тучкова Светлана Николаевна — м.  н. с. научно-исследовательского института молекулярной и  персонализированной медицины</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana N. Tuchkova — Junior Researcher, the Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4258-1889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клепикова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klepikova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клепикова Мария Викторовна — к.  м. н., доцент кафедры терапии и полиморбидной патологии имени академика М. С. Вовси</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria  V.  Klepikova  — PhD, Cand. Sci. (Med), Associate Professor of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology named after academician M. S. Vovsi</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0795-8225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроумова</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroumova</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Остроумова Ольга Дмитриевна  — д.  м. н., профессор, зав. кафедрой терапии и  полиморбидной патологии имени академика М.  С.  Вовси; профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и пропедевтики внутренних болезней</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga D. Ostroumova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Therapy and Polymorbid Pathology named after academician M. S. Vovsi;  Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ostroumova.olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-4994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаев</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzaev</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзаев Карин Бадавиевич — д. м. н., доцент, проректор по научной работе и  инновациям, директор НИИ молекулярной и персонализированной медицины; профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии имени академика Б. Е. Вотчала</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karin B. Mirzaev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Vice-Rector for Research and Innovation, Director of Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B. E. Votchala</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычев Дмитрий Алексеевич — д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, зав. кафедрой клинической фармакологии и терапии имени академика Б. Е. Вотчала, ректор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Sychev — PhD, Dr. Sci (Med.), Professor, Academician RAS, Head. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B. E. Votchala</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кочетков А.И., Дё В.А., Батюкина С.В., Абдуллаев Ш.П., Тучкова С.Н., Клепикова М.В., Остроумова О.Д., Мирзаев К.Б., Сычев Д.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кочетков А.И., Дё В.А., Батюкина С.В., Абдуллаев Ш.П., Тучкова С.Н., Клепикова М.В., Остроумова О.Д., Мирзаев К.Б., Сычев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kochetkov A.I., De V.A., Batyukina S.V., Abdullaev S.P., Tuchkova S.N., Klepikova M.V., Ostroumova O.D., Mirzaev K.B., Sychev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/742">https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/742</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Преимущество использования клопидогрела при лечении пациентов с атеросклеротическим поражением сосудов доказано во многих исследованиях, однако, риск развития клинически значимого кровотечения повышен при применении клопидогрела в составе комбинированного лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Изучить возможную взаимосвязь между носительством полиморфных вариантов гена CYP2C19 и развитием кровотечений у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) ± фибрилляцией предсердий (ФП), получающих клопидогрел в составе двойной антитромботической терапии, после перенесённого острого коронарного синдрома (ОКС).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Включено 150 пациентов (медиана возраста 65 [60,75;73] лет), из них 77 человек с ИБС без ФП, принимающие клопидогрел + ацетилсалициловую кислоту; и 73 пациента с ИБС и ФП, принимающие клопидогрел + ривароксабан или апиксабан. Всех участникам проведено генотипирование полиморфных вариантов rs4244285, rs4986893, rs12248560 гена CYP2C19. Период наблюдения составил 16 недель ± 1 день. Информация о кровотечениях получена с помощью опросника MCMDM-1.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За период наблюдения кровотечения возникли у 26 (17,3%) пациентов. Самыми частыми являлись носовые кровотечения (42,3%), синяки (30,8%) и кровотечения из полости рта (26,9%). Среди пациентов с кровотечениями в сравнении с теми, у кого подобные события отсутствовали, статистически значимо чаще встречался генотип ТТ по полиморфному варианту rs12248560 гена CYP2C19–19,2 и 3,2% соответственно (р = 0,008), и аналогичный результат получен при анализе группы с ИБС, но без ФП (21,4 против 3,2% соответственно, р = 0,039). Среди пациентов с наличием кровотечений статистически значимо чаще встречались сверхбыстрые метаболизаторы (*17/*17) по сравнению с больными без кровотечений (р = 0,008).</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Носительство генотипа ТТ по полиморфному варианту rs12248560 (*17) гена CYP2С19 и его сверхбыстрый фенотип (*17/*17) взаимосвязаны с наличием геморрагических событий у пациентов с ОКС, получающих двойную антитромботическую терапию на основе клопидогрела.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The advantages of using clopidogrel for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases have been demonstrated in many studies. However, the risk of clinically significant bleeding is increased when clopidogrel is used in combination with other drugs.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To investigate the possible relationship between the carriage of CYP2C19 loss-of-function and gain-of-function alleles and bleeding events in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) ± atrial fibrillation (AF) receiving dual antithrombotic therapy with clopidogrel after acute coronary syndrome (ACS).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A total of 150 patients (median age 65 [60,75;73] years) were studied, including 77 patients with CHD without AF taking clopidogrel + acetylsalicylic acid; and 73 patients with CHD and AF taking clopidogrel + rivaroxaban or apixaban. DNA samples obtained from all patients were genotyped for CYP2C19 rs4244285, rs4986893, and rs12248560. The follow-up period was 16 weeks ± 1 days. Information about bleeding events was obtained using the MCMDM-1 questionnaire.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Bleeding occurred in 26 (17.3%) patients. The most common bleeding events were nosebleeds (42.3%), bruises (30.8%), and oral bleeding (26.9%). Among patients with bleeding events compared with those who did not, carriers of the rs12248560 (CYP2C19*17) TT genotype were significantly more common — 19.2% and 3.2%, respectively (p = 0.008). A similar result was obtained in the CHD group without AF (21.4% vs. 3.2%, respectively, p = 0.039). Among patients in the presence of bleeding, ultrarapid metabolizers (*17/*17) were administered significantly more frequently than those without bleeding (p=0.008).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Carriage of the rs12248560 (*17) TT genotype and ultrarapid metabolizers (*17/*17) phenotype were associated with hemorrhagic events in patients with ACS receiving dual antithrombotic therapy with clopidogrel.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый коронарный синдром</kwd><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>клопидогрел</kwd><kwd>кровотечения</kwd><kwd>полиморфные варианты генов</kwd><kwd>CYP2C19</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute coronary syndrome</kwd><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>clopidogrel</kwd><kwd>bleeding</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>CYP2C19</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Тематика государственного задания «Разработка фармакогенетической тест-системы под повышения эффективности и  безопасности фармакотерапии пациентов кардиологического и  психиатрического профилей» (ЕГИСУ НИОКТР №124021200054–3).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out with the financial support of the  Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The subject of  the state task "Development of a pharmacogenetic test system  to improve the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy for  patients with cardiological and psychiatric profiles" (ЕГИСУ  НИОКТР No. 124021200054–3).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации «Фибрилляция и трепетание предсердий у взрослых» 2023 г. 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