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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Качественная клиническая практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2588-0519</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8473</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinvest-369</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL TRIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методология расчёта объёма выборки в сравнительных контролируемых клинических исследованиях с «неменьшей эффективностью»: сравнение двух пропорций в параллельных группах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The methodology of calculation of sample size in “non-inferiority” comparative controlled clinical trials: a comparison of two proportions in parallel group</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляшенко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyashenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">clinvest@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свищева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svishcheva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">clinvest@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый МГМУ им И.М. Сеченова, НИИ молекулярной медицины, г. Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First MGMU named after I.M. Sechenov, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Центр медицинских биотехнологий», г. Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC «Center of Medical Biotechnology,» Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ляшенко А.А., Свищева М.С., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ляшенко А.А., Свищева М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lyashenko A.A., Svishcheva M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/369">https://www.clinvest.ru/jour/article/view/369</self-uri><abstract><p>Подавляющее большинство клинических исследований генерических препаратов направлены на сравнение терапевтической эффективности тестируемого препарата и препарата сравнения. При этом необходимо доказать, что тестируемый препарат не менее эффективен, чем препарат сравнения.</p><p>Подобные дизайны получили название исследо­ваний «неменьшей эффективности»; в основном — это исследования III фазы.</p><p>Довольно часто в этих исследованиях в качестве первичного критерия эффективности используются частоты како­го-либо изучаемого признака, как результат анализа бинарных данных. В свою очередь, бинарные данные сравниваются между собой методом сравнения пропорций. При этом одним из важнейших условий правильной интерпретации дан­ных, полученных в ходе клинического исследования, является обеспечение исследования необходимым и достаточным объёмом экспериментальных данных. Цель этой статьи — показать, как планировать эксперимент, обеспечивая его необходимым и достаточным объёмом выборки, для того, чтобы полученные результаты и выводы были бы достоверными; как интерпретировать данные в сравнительных контролируемых исследованиях, направленных на установление «неменьшей эффективности» при сравнении пропорций в параллельных группах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The absolute majority of clinical trials of generic drugs aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of the tested drug and the drug of an active control. It is necessary to estimate that the test drug is not less effective (or non-inferior) than the control drug. The designs of the aforementioned trials are called “non-inferiority” study; often, these are phase III of clinical trials. The primary criterions of effectiveness which are quite often used in the clinical trials are frequencies of signs, as a result of the analysis of binary data. Binary data are analyzed by comparing proportions. One of the most important conditions for a correct interpretation of the data obtained during the clinical trials — to provide necessary and suffi cient sample size. The purpose of this article is to show how to plan the study, how to provide necessary and sufficient sample size to ensure that the results and conclusions would be reliable; how to interpret the data in a comparative controlled study aimed to establish “non­inferiority” using proportions comparing in parallel groups.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клинические исследования</kwd><kwd>исследования неменьшей эффективности</kwd><kwd>граница неменьшей эффективности</kwd><kwd>сравнитель­ные контролируемые исследования в параллельных группах</kwd><kwd>доверительный интервал</kwd><kwd>формула подсчёта выборки</kwd><kwd>сравнение пропорций</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-inferiority trials</kwd><kwd>non-inferiority margins</kwd><kwd>comparative controlled study in parallel groups</kwd><kwd>the Confidence Interval</kwd><kwd>sample size calculating formulae</kwd><kwd>proportions comparison</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schumi J., Wittes J.T. 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